Past Tense (4)

Use the past tense of the verb in parentheses in each
“sea animals” sentence. Translate.

1. We (finish) the shark program yesterday.

_______________________________

_______________________________

2. Sylvia (borrow) the starfish for a test.

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

3. They (need) oysters for the aquarium.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

4. Alex (succeed) in catching a live jellyfish.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

5. Parnell (divide) the octopus and the squid in different tanks.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________
6. Maria (attend) a seminar on snails.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

7. They (wait) for shrimp to breed.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

"Irregular verbs in the past tense" (3)

Rewrite the sentences using the correct ver, and Translate.

(go) 1. Yesterday I *** to the movies.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

(make) 2. My sister *** a birthday cake for me last week.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

(ride) 3. Steve *** his bicycle to school yesterday.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

(drive) 4. My friends *** to Los Angeles two weeks ago.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

(take) 5. Elizabeth *** some flowers to her mother last Saturday.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

(break) 6. Kevin *** his leg while he was playing football.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

(have) 7. Last week my aunt *** a baby.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

(do)8. When we cleaned the yard, we *** a lot of work.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

(drink) 9. The child *** some milk last night.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

(buy)10. My teacher *** some new books last month.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________

"Irregular verbs in the past tense" (2)

Underline the correct verb, and Tranlate the sentences.

1. Yesterday I (goed/went/god) to London.

__________________________________________________

2. Last week I (were/was/bed) at the sea-side.

__________________________________________________

3. Last summer, I (swum/swam/swimmed) every morning.

__________________________________________________

4. Last month I (havd/haved/had) a beautiful surprise.

__________________________________________________

5. Last Monday, you (begun/begin/began) to learn English.

__________________________________________________

6. Yesterday night, the dog (sleeps/slept/sleeped) on the lawn.

__________________________________________________

7. He went mad and he (brokt/broke/broken) his plate.

__________________________________________________

8. As you were very thirsty, you (drunk/drank/drinkt) a lot.

__________________________________________________

9. For his birthday, I (given/gived/gave) her a jewel.

__________________________________________________

10. When I was a little boy , I (learned/lawn/learnt) reading.

__________________________________________________

III Evaluation Past of Regular Verbs. (1)

Put the verb in brackets in the correct simple past form.

My grandfather had a very exciting life. When he was young, he

_____________ (live) on a farm in the country. His parents

_____________ (raise) cattle,

and he ____________ (look) after the cows.

When he was eighteen, he went to university, where

he ____________ (study) Philosophy. He also

____________ (play) the trumpet in a jazz band.

When the war started, he ____________ (try)

to join the Air Force, but he ____________

(end) up in the Navy. In the Atlantic, a German torpedo

_____________ (rip) a hole in the side of his ship, and the ship

sank. Only five men _____________ (escape). They

____________ (sail) in a lifeboat back to England. Then he met

my grandmother, and they _____________ (marry) after only

three weeks. He says now that he _____________ (want) to

marry her very quickly in case he ____________ (die) in the war.

“Containers / Quantities” Past Tense. (15)

1. CARTON - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -7. LOAF

2. CONTAINER - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8. BAG

3. BOTTLE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9. JAR

4. PACKAGE - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 10. CAN

5. STICK - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -11. ROLL

6. TUB

“Containers / Quantities”. (14)

Change the verb in each sentence to the past tense.
Translate.

1. The carton of eggs is two dlls.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

2. The bottle of juice is on the table.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

3. The loaf of bread in near the sink.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

4. The roll of bathroom paper is in the bathroom.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

5. The winnies are in their package.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

6. The jar of mayonnaise in the fridge.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

7. The box of cookies are cheap.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________


8. The six-pack is in the freezer.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

9. A tub of butter is what I need.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

10. A stick of gum is in my pocket.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

11. The can of tomato soup is expensive.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

12. The book of matches is on the stove.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

13. The bar of soap is pink.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

14. The slice of pizza is delicious.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

15. The tube of tooth-paste is small.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

Weather Watch (13)

Choose the correct word and verb to fill in the blank.
Use was / were.

1. Yesterday’s ___________________________________ sunny and warm.
(Rain / weather)

2. The wind ____________________________________ at ten miles an hour.
(blowing / snow)

3. This morning’s sunrise __________ at five _______________________.
(clocks / o’clock)

4. Tomorrow will be partly cloudy with a chance of __________________.
(fun / rain)

5. The high __________________ yesterday ___________ 76 degrees.
(wind / temperature)

6. The rainfall for this year totals five ______________________________.
(inches / shoes)

7. A tornado _______________________________ in effect until six o’clock.
(snow / warning)

8. The forest Patrol reports four inches of __________________________.
(snow / warm)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Change the verb in each sentence to the past test.
“Fruits and Vegetables”. Translate.

1. The shellfish are: lobsters, shrimp, clams, oysters, and crab.

_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________

2. The bacon is in the fridge.

_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________

3. The pork chops are small.

_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________

4. The hamburger is a double decker.

_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________

5. The meatballs are on the spaghetti.

_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________

6. The pancakes are very thick.

_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________

7. The avocados are ripe.

_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________


8. The cherries are in the basket.

_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________

9. The cucumbers are for the salad.

_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________

10. The radishes are for the pozole.

_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________

RHYTHM AND RHYME: (12)

Practice Oral repetition with students.

Where you late this morning?

No, I wasn’t. I was early.

Was he sick last night?

No, he wasn’t. He was fine.

Was her hair very straight?

No, it wasn’t it was very curly.

Were there eight new lessons?

No, there weren’t. There were nine.


Was the movie short?

No, it wasn’t. It was long.

Was the wine expensive?

No, it wasn’t It was free.

Was I right?

No, you weren’t. You were wrong.

Were the tickets two dollars?

No, they weren’t. They were three.

Present to Past. (11)

Change the sentences from the present to the past & then to questions. Using the verb “To be” Translate.

1. You are on time.

_________________________________________

________________________________________?

________________________________________

2. The teacher is here.

________________________________________

________________________________________?

________________________________________

3. You are very sad.

________________________________________

________________________________________?

________________________________________

4. I am right or wrong.

________________________________________

________________________________________?

________________________________________

5. The lessons are easy.

________________________________________

________________________________________?

________________________________________

6. The sandwich is good.

________________________________________

________________________________________?

________________________________________

7. You are in that class.

________________________________________

________________________________________?

________________________________________

8. That book is interesting.

________________________________________

________________________________________?

________________________________________

9. He is not in the room.

________________________________________

________________________________________?

________________________________________

10. The man is not busy.

________________________________________

________________________________________?

________________________________________

11. They are not hungry.

________________________________________

________________________________________?

________________________________________

Present to Past. (10)

Change the sentences from the present to the past & then to questions. Using the verb “To be” Translate.

1. Mr. Wilson is talking to the visitors.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________?

_______________________________________________

2. We are almost ready.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________?

_______________________________________________

3. You are very late.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________?

_______________________________________________

4. They are at work.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________?

_______________________________________________

5. It is in the drawer.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________?

_______________________________________________

7. She is in Tijuana.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________?

_______________________________________________

8. I am sick and tired.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________?

_______________________________________________

9. That is a surprise!

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________?

_______________________________________________

10. The men are angry.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________?

_______________________________________________

11. Mr. Harris is there.

_______________________________________________

_______________________________________________?

_______________________________________________

Verb “To be” Questions. (9)

To make questions with the verb “to be” we jump the
verb to the beginning of the sentence.

Father Thomas was building a new church.

Was Father Thomas building a new church?

Change the sentences from affirmative to question.
Translate.

1. His secretary Socorro was helping him in the office.

__________________________________________________?

__________________________________________________

2. Many people were visiting the new church.

__________________________________________________?

__________________________________________________

3. Father Thomas was going to buy a new chalice. (caliz)

__________________________________________________?

__________________________________________________

4. The workers were finishing the altar.

__________________________________________________?

__________________________________________________

5. He was already celebrating mass in the new church. (mass = misa)

__________________________________________________?

__________________________________________________


6. The workers were going to hang the stations of the Cross. (vía crucis)

__________________________________________________?

__________________________________________________

7. There were many flowers in the new church.

__________________________________________________?

__________________________________________________

8. There was a large cross behind the altar. (cross = cruz)

__________________________________________________?

__________________________________________________

9. Father Thomas was going to have the old church demolished.

__________________________________________________?

__________________________________________________

10. The new church’s chorus was on the balcony. (chorus = coro)

__________________________________________________?

__________________________________________________

11. There were many children that want to sing in the chorus.

__________________________________________________?

__________________________________________________

12. The church was finished last year.

__________________________________________________?

__________________________________________________

A thief stole a car. (8)

Write: was / were / wasn’t / weren’t


A thief stole an expensive car from a garage on main street last

Sundae at 5:00. p.m. Mr. and Mrs. Jones (1) _________ in a restaurant

next to the garage. Charlie Green (2) _________ across the street in a

grocery store.

According to Mr. and Mrs. Jones, the thief (3) _________ tall and thin.

His hair (4) _________ brown and curly.

According to Charlie Green, the thief (5) _________ young and handsome.

His clothes (6) _________ expensive.

The police are looking for the thief today. They’re talking to Frank

Harris. He’s a tall, thin young man with brown, curly hair.

Police: (7) _________ you on Main Street last Sundae at 5:00 p.m?

Frank: No, I (8) __________. I (9) ___________ at home with my wife.

Police: Are you sure?

Frank: Of course I am.

Police: That’s strange. Your wife says she (10) ____________ at home

all evening, but you (11) ____________ there.

Frank: I wasn’t.

Police: No, you (12) _____________.

Frank: Oh, I forgot. Last Sundae at 5:00 p.m.

I (13) __________ with my friend Tom.

Police: Where (14) ____________ you and your friend?

Frank: We (15) ___________ here at the police station.

Police: Why (16) ____________ you at the police station?

Frank: We (17) ____________ here because at 4:00 p.m. last Sundae a

thief stole my friend Tom’s car!
------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. According to Mr. and Mrs. Jones, was the thief tall and thin?

Yes, he was.

2. Was his hair blond and straight?

____________________________________________________
3. According to Charlie Green, was the thief old?

____________________________________________________
4. Were his clothes expensive?

____________________________________________________
5. Was Frank at home at 5:00 p.m. last Sunday?

____________________________________________________
6. Was he with his wife?

____________________________________________________
7. Who was he with?

____________________________________________________
8. Where were they?

____________________________________________________
9. Why?

____________________________________________________

A TERRIBLE MORNING. (7)

Write was - were to complete the sentences.

I (1) ___________ very depressed last Monday.

The weather (2) ___________ terrible.

It (3) ____________ cold and foggy. And my roof

(4) _____________ leaking. My husband

(5) ______________ sick, and our doctor

(6) ____________ out of town. The neighbors

(7) angry ______________ because my children

(8) _______________ noisy. They (9) _________

playing on the porch, basket ball.

The house (10) _______________ dirty. There 11) ______________

dirty dishes in the sink. My children’s clothes (12) _______________ on

the floor in their bedroom, they (13) ___________ soaking wet because

our roof (14) ______________ leaking, and our refrigerator, (15) _________

broken. I (16) ______________ very tired and hungry all morning.

A BEAUTIFUL MORNING. was - were

I (1) _______________ very happy yesterday morning. The weather

(2) ______________ beautiful. It (3) _______________ warm and sunny.

There (4) ______________ flowers in the garden. There (5) a bird at _____________

the window. My children (6) _______________ at school, and my husband

and I (7) ________________ on vacation.

Change from the Present to the Past Tense. (6)

And translate them. “You are in a Zoo”.

1. Tom is repairing the peacock’ old cage.

Tom was repairing the ostriches’ old cage.

______________________________________________

2. Mary and John are cleaning the salamander and iguana’s cages.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

3. The boys are riding the elephant.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

4. Calvin is searching for rattlesnake and cobras for the Zoo’s exhibition.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________


5. Penguins are living in the North Pole.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

6. Monica is feeding the peacocks, the pheasants and the flamingos.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

7. The stork is making a new nest near the water.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

9. The sharks, stingrays, and eels are being moved to a larger tank.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

10. There is a new litter of baby tigers and lions at the children’s Zoo.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

11. The dolphin’s flipper is bleeding. (flipper = aleta)

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

12. The chimpanzee, gorilla, orangutan, an the baboon are in quarantine.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

13. Grizzly, and black bears are not living in the same cage.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

14. Polar bears are in a special cage with a water tank installed in it.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

15. Hippopotamus and rhinoceros are not the favorite of tourists.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

16. Mrs. Giraffe is going to be a mama very soon.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

17. The high school students are near the raccoons and skunks’ den.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

18. The hyenas are scavenger animals.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

19. The skunk is going to be a papa.

______________________________________________

______________________________________________

Doberman Protects baby

Road Runner (Change to the past)

NEGATIVE and INTERROGATIVE (5)

Write these sentences in - Peter is Ann ´s brother"
Peter isn´t Ann´s brother / Is Peter Ann´s brother?

1. They are crazy about it"

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

2."We are all teachers"

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

3. I was in San Diego yesterday"

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

4. They are swimming here"

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

5. Those boys are students"

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

6. Her favourite sport is football"

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

7. There is a clock on the wall"

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

8. There´re some buses in the street"

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

9. My eyes are brown"

_________________________________________

_________________________________________?

10. Her scarf is blue"

_________________________________________

_________________________________________?

11. "Is Peter Ann´s brother?"

_________________________________________ (+)

_________________________________________ (-)

12. "They aren´t crazy about it"

_________________________________________

_________________________________________?

NEGATIVE- was / were (4)

Put in was not or were not into the gaps.

1) They ___________ ill.

2) You ___________ tired.

3) The children ___________ quiet.

4) Max ___________ in Helsinki last week.

5) She ____________ home for dinner.

6) The water ___________ cold.

7) There ____________ a good film on TV yesterday.

8) We ____________ in Brazil last winter.

9) Betty and Florence ___________ at school this morning.

10) I ____________ happy when I heard about the accident.

was or were - Simple Past (3)

WRITE was or were into the gaps.

1) I __________ in Canberra last spring.

2) We ___________ at school last Saturday.

3) Tina ____________ at home yesterday.

4) He ____________ happy.

5) Robert and Stan ____________ Garry's friends.

6) You ____________ very busy on Friday.

7) They _____________ in front of the supermarket.

8) I ____________ in the museum.

9) She ___________ in South Africa last month.

10) Jessica and Kimberly ____________ late for school.

Past To Be Verb Practice: Scientists (2)

Underline the correct past tense answer for each question. TRANSLATE

Charles Darwin

1) Charles Darwin [was were] born on February 12, 1809.

2) He [was were] a British naturalist who became famous for his theories of evolution and natural selection.

3) In South America, Darwin found that fossils of extinct animals [was were] similar to modern species.

4) Many people [was were] strongly opposed to the idea of evolution because it conflicted with their religious beliefs.

5) Throughout his life, Darwin [was were] a reserved, thorough, hard working scholar.

Albert Einstein

6) When Albert Einstein [waswere] young, his parents worried about him.

7) Einstein's parents [was were] concerned that Albert was "slow."

8) Albert [was were] a terrible student who didn't want to attend classes regularly and take exams.

9) Einstein's best-known work, the theory of relativity, [was were] published in 1905.

10) Unfortunately, the theory of relativity [was were] used to create the atomic bomb.

Verb to be in the past. (1)

El verbo "to be" en "Past tense" (pasado) se conjuga de la siguiente manera:

I was [ai guas] = Yo era/estaba

You were [iu güer] = Tú eras/estabas/ Usted era/estaba

He was [hi guas] = Él era/ estaba

She was [shi guas] = Ella era/estaba

It was [It guas ] = Él/ella/ello (para cosas) era/estaba

You were [iu güer] = Ustedes eran/estaban

We were [güi güer] = Nosotros/as éramos/estuvimos

They were [dei güer] = Ellos/as eran/estaban

Choose the correct form.

Q1 - There ____ many people at the show.
was were

Q2 - ____ you tired?
Was Were

Q3 - They ____ late.
was were

Q4 - I ____ very annoyed.
was were

Q5 - She ____ there.
was were

Q6 - Everybody ____ pleased.
was were

Q7 - There ____ no trouble at the party.
was were

Q8 - ____ there any difficulty in finding it?
Was Were

Q9 - Who ____ at the meeting?
was were

Q10 - It ____ no bother.
was were

Q11 - How much ____ they?
was were

School House Rock - A Noun is a Person, Place, or Thing

PERSONAL PRONOUNS (v)

STUDY FOR DICTATION.

Count and Noncount Nouns.

PRONOUNS.

PAST CONTINUOUS.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS.

Past Continuous (5)

Rewrite the sentences and put the verbs into the correct form (past progressive). TRANSLATE.

1. When I phoned my friends, they (play) monopoly.

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

2. Yesterday at six I (prepare) dinner.

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

3. The kids (play) in the garden when it suddenly began to rain.

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

4. I (practise) the guitar when he came home.

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

5. We (not / cycle) all day.

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

6. While Aaron (work) in his room, his friends (swim) in the pool.

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

7. I tried to tell them the truth but they (listen / not) .

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

8. What (you / do) yesterday?

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

9. Most of the time we (sit) in the park.

__________________________________________

__________________________________________

Past Continuous (4)

You want to know whether the following people were in the middle of an action at a certain time in the past.Write questions in past progressive.

1. Rachel / feed / the cat

_______________________________________

2. the children / paint / a picture

_______________________________________

3. Clark / repair / his computer

_______________________________________

4. Hazel / swim / in the pool

_______________________________________

5. Lucas / have / a shower

_______________________________________

6. Jason and Aron / run / down the street

_______________________________________

7. Betty / do / her homework

_______________________________________

8. Cindy and James / make / dinner

_______________________________________

9. Rebecca / watch / Star Trek

_______________________________________

10. Anita and Linda / sit / in the kitchen

_______________________________________

Past Continuous (3)

Somebody believes that yesterday at 3 pm the following people were in the middle of an action. That cannot be, however, as yesterday at 3 pm these people were not doing those things.
Write negative sentences in past progressive. TRANSLATE.

1. Sarah and Luke / not / work

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

2. Mister Miller / not / teach / chemistry

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

3. Barry / not / drive / a lorry

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

4. Mandy / not / have / lunch

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

5. Albert / not / play / tennis

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

6. Taylor and Bob / not / cycle / home

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

7. Annie / not / clean / the table

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

8. Benjamin / not / write / an e-mail

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

9. Jane / not / exercise / in the gym

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

10. Robert / not / buy / flowers

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

Past Continuous (2)

Yesterday at 3 pm the following people were in the middle of an action.
Write positive sentences in past progressive. TRANSLATE

1. you / play / cards

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

2. Alice / walk / around the lake

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

3. Caron / listen / to the radio

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

4. we / read / a book about Australia

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

5. Linda / look for / her ring

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

6. Fiona and Sam / visit / the castle

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

7. Ben / wash / the car

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

8. Kim and I / wait / in the park

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

9. My sister / feed / the birds

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

10. Greg and Phil / count / their money

_________________________________________

_________________________________________

Past Continuous (1)

Write down the (-ing) form of the following words.

Mind the exceptions in spelling.

1. live → _______________

2. run → _______________

3. give →_______________

4. swim →______________

5. lie →________________

6. sit →________________

7. travel →______________

Exercise on Past Progressive

Underline the correct verb (Was or Were) and TRANSLATE.

1. Boris (was / were) learning English.

________________________________________

2. They (was / were) swimming in the lake.

________________________________________

3. Your father (was / were) repairing the car.

________________________________________

4. I (was / were) reading a magazine.

________________________________________

5. You (was / were) packing your bag.

________________________________________

6. My friends (was / were) watching the match on TV.

________________________________________

7. It (was / were) raining.

________________________________________

8. The dog (was / were) barking.

________________________________________

9. The children (was / were) brushing their teeth.

________________________________________

10. Anne and Maureen (was / were) singing a song.

________________________________________

Plurals (5)

Change the plural nouns to singular. TRANSLATE.

1. Frogs are amphibians. ________________________

_________________________________________

2. Wrenches are tools. _________________________

_________________________________________

3. Pines are evergreens.________________________

_________________________________________

4. Otters are mammals.________________________

_________________________________________

5. Computers are machines. _____________________

_________________________________________

6. Crabs are crustaceans._______________________

_________________________________________

7. Crickets are insects._________________________

________________________________________

8. Oaks are hardwoods.________________________

________________________________________

Change the plural sentences to singular. TRANSLATE

1. A robin is a bird. ___________________________

_________________________________________

2. A schooner is a ship.______________________

______________________________________

3. A mallard is a duck.______________________

______________________________________

4. A beech is a tree.________________________

______________________________________

5. A kangaroo is a marsupial.___________________

_______________________________________

6. An emerald is a gem._______________________

_______________________________________

Plurals (4)

1. Change the plural sentences to singular..
Make sure that the verbs agree with their subjects.

e.g. Engineers must be familiar with computers. (plural)
An engineer must be familiar with computers. (singular)

1. Trees produce oxygen.

_____________________________________________

2. Automobiles should be kept in good repair.

___________________________

___________________________

3. Bats locate insects by means of sonar.

___________________________

___________________________

4. Diplomats should, if possible, be multilingual.

_____________________________________________

5. Hats are useful in cold weather.

_____________________________________________

6. Physicists must study a great deal.

_____________________________________________

7. Elephants can be dangerous.

_____________________________________________

Change the singular nouns to plural.
Make sure that the verbs agree with their subjects.

e.g. A bicycle is a convenient means of transportation.
Bicycles are a convenient means of transportation.

1. A secretary should be proficient in spelling and grammar.

_____________________________________________

2. A sportsman needs to remain calm under pressure.

_____________________________________________

3. An eagle has good eyesight.

_____________________________________________

4. A conference requires careful planning.

_____________________________________________

5. A rock is composed of minerals.

_____________________________________________

6. A potato is rich in starch.

_____________________________________________

7. An omelette is made of eggs and other ingredients.

_____________________________________________

Irregular plural (3)

Write their plural form. Then make a sentence. TRANSLATE.

1. foot __________

__________________________________

2. wolf __________

__________________________________

3. person __________

__________________________________

4. analysis __________

__________________________________

5. yourself _________

__________________________________

6. goose __________

__________________________________

7. echo __________

__________________________________

8. fish __________

__________________________________

9. octopus ___________

__________________________________

10. thief ___________

__________________________________

Irregular plural (2)

Choose the correct form of the plural for each noun.

1. The plural of "shelf" is

shelfs
shelves
shelvs
shelfes

2. The plural of "buffalo" is

buffalos
buffals
buffalose
buffaloes

3. The plural of "child" is

children
childs
cheeld
child

4. The plural of "woman" is

womans
womanes
women
woman

5. The plural of "deer" is

deers
deeres
door
deer

6. The plural of "phenomenon" is

phenomena
phenomenons
phenomeni
phenomenon

7. The plural of "stimulus" is

stimuluses
stimuli
stimula
stimules

8. The plural of "bus" is

bi
buss
buses
busa

9. The plural of "calf" (a baby cow) is

calfs
calves
calf
celf

10. The plural of "thesis" is

thesises
thesies
thesi
theses

Irregular plural (1)

There are many types of irregular plural, but these are the most common:

When a noun:

Ends with - fe
Change f to v then Add - s

knife - knives / life - lives / wife - wives

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Ends with - f
Change f to v then Add - es
half - halves / wolf - wolves / loaf - loaves

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Ends with -o
Add - es
potato - potatoes / tomato - tomatoes / volcano - volcanoes

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ends with -us
Change -us to -i
cactus - cacti / nucleus - nuclei / focus - foci

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ends with -is
Change -is to -es
analysis - analyses /crisis - crises / thesis - theses

********************************************
ends with - on
Change -on to -a
phenomenon - phenomena / criterion - criteria

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ALL KINDS
Change the vowel or Change the word or Add a different ending

man - men / woman, women / foot - feet

child - children /person - people

tooth - teeth /mouse - mice / louse, lice

Unchanging
Singular and plural are the same.

sheep - deer - fish (sometimes)

The following nouns have no singular:
scissors
oats
tongs
dregs
trousers
pinchers
bellows
snuffers
cattle
shears
measles
mumps
victuals
tweezers
vespers


Some nouns are always singular. Some of these nouns may be used in the plural when different kinds are meant as sugars, coffees, cottons
gold
silver
wheat
corn
molasses
copper
sugar
cotton

Countable some/any (9)

1. Circle the uncountable nouns:

house, car, cheese, apple, money, table,

sugar, coffee, cup, pencil, milk, wine,

potato, bread, petrol, shoe, film, tea,

newspaper, book, water, watch, toast, juice,

glass, salt, oil, pen, class, meat,

butter, sandwich, ham, egg, advice, holiday,

time, chocolate, information, pen, orange, tuna,

*************************************************
2. Charles is making an omelette for the first time. He asks his wife Alice who is
watching TV.

a) Fill in the gaps with some or any:

Charles: Alice! Have we got ____________ eggs?

Alice: Yes, there are ____________ in the cupboard.

Charles: Have we got ______________ cheese?

Alice: Yes, there’s ____________ in the fridge.

Charles: Can I use ___________ olive oil?

Alice: Yes, of course.

Charles: I need ____________ tomatoes.

Alice: We haven’t got _____________. Charles, would you like ___________ help?

Charles: No, thanks, I’m OK.

*************************************************
b) Answer/complete these questions:

1. Do we use some or any in positive sentences? ______________

2. Do we use some or any in negative sentences? ______________

3. Do we usually use some or any in questions? ________________

4. But we use ______________ in questions when we expect the answer “Yes” or when
the question is an offer.

3. Fill in the gaps with some or any:

Tom: Let’s go for a picnic in the park.

Sarah: OK. We’ll make _________ sandwiches. What do we need?

Tom: We haven’t got ___________ bread. Can you buy ________?

Sarah: Yes, sure. What about butter?

Tom: We’ve got __________. I’ll buy _________cheese.

Sarah: OK, and is there __________ orange juice in the fridge?

Tom: No, I’ll get __________.

Sarah: Good. Do we need ___________ apples or cherries?

Tom: Just ___________ apples.

Sarah: Oh dear! I haven’t got ___________ money to buy the bread!

Tom: Don’t worry. I’ll lend you _____________.

Countable Lot of / Some / Any (9)

Utilizamos los cuantificadores para expresar la idea de cantidad o número.

Lots of / A lot of... Expresan idea de gran cantidad.
Lots of + nombre singular o plural

He's got lots of books /

El tiene muchos libros

A lot of babies. / Muchos bebes.

A lot of + nombre singular o plural
I've got a lot of experience / Tengo mucha experiencia

SOME/ANY

Some: Se usa some para frases afirmativos.
Se usa con contables y incontables.
Ejemplo: There is some water in the bottle. = Hay agua en la botella.

There are some bottles of water in the fridge.
Hay botellas de agua en la nevera.

Any: Se usa any para preguntas y frases negativos.
Se usa con contables y incontables.
Ejemplo: There isn't any water in the bottle. = No hay agua en la botella.

There aren't any bottles of water in the fridge.
No hay botellas de agua en la nevera.

Are there any bottles of water in the fridge?
Hay botellas de agua en la nevera?.

Tips (Consejos) Se puede usar some en la pregunta -
Would you like some...?
Es la forma educada para preguntar si alguien quiere tomar o comer algo...

EjemploWould you like some coffee? = Quieres un cafe?
Would you like a biscuit? = Quieres una galleta?

*************************************************
Quantifiers = Use Some and Any Exercise.

1) Ann has __________ candies.

2) Bill doesn't have __________ money.

3) Sue will give us __________ information.

4) There is __________ milk in the fridge.

5) There isn't _________ beer.

6) There aren't __________ boys in my family.

7) Bill won't give me __________ help.

8) Ann shouldn't smoke __________ cigarettes.

9) Sue must do __________ homework tonight.

10) My brother can't speak ___________ Chinese.

11) My sister can speak __________ Spanish.

12) I can't speak __________ Chinese or Spanish.

13) I must study __________ second languages.

14) Bill isn't __________ smarter than Jane.

15) Ann should eat __________ fresh fruit.

Countable How much/many (9)

Asking questions for countable and uncountable objects. TRANSLATE.
Complete the questions using much or many.

1. How __________ money do you have?

_____________________________________

2. How __________ many people live in your city?

_____________________________________

3. How __________ much does that book cost?

_____________________________________

4. How __________ much rice is there?

_____________________________________

5. How __________ many apples are there in the basket?

_____________________________________

6. How __________ much petrol do we need?

_____________________________________

7. How __________ many children are in the class?

_____________________________________

8. How __________ many teachers do you have?

_____________________________________

Countable How a/an/some (8)

Look at these rules

We use "a" with objects we can count and begin with a consonant.
Example: a book , a car, a toy, a boy...

We use "some" with object we can not count Example:
some milk, some hair, some water, some cream...

We use "an" with object we can count that begin with a vowel.
Example: an orange, an ashtray, a umbrella...

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What do we use a, an or some for these words?
Then make a sentence.

1. __________ book

_____________________________________

2. __________ wine

_____________________________________

3. __________ rice

_____________________________________

4. __________ apple

_____________________________________

5. __________ music

_____________________________________

6. __________ tomato

_____________________________________

7. __________ rain

_____________________________________

8. __________ cassette

_____________________________________

9. __________ egg

_____________________________________

10. _________ food

_____________________________________

Countable How much/many (7)

Use the correct "Noun" to complete the sentences. Translate.

1. We need some tea. ______ do we need?
How much / How many

______________________________

2. We need some eggs. ______ do we need?
How much / How many

______________________________

3. We need some paper. ______ do we need?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

4. We need some money. ______ do we need?
How much / How many

_________________________________________

5. ______ cigarettes do you smoke a day?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

6. ______ packets of cigarettes do you have?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

7. ______ work have you got to do?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

8. ______ sleep did you get last night?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

9. ______ children have you got?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

10. ______ bottles of wine are there in the cellar?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

11. ______ English grammar do you know?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

12. ______ Americans do you know?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

13. ______ sugar do you take in your tea?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

14. ______ apples do you eat in an average week?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

15. ______ fruit do you eat in an average week?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

16. ______ real friends do you have?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

17. ______ chairs are there in your house?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

18. ______ furniture do you have?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

19. ______ traffic was there on the motorway today?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

20. ______ times must I tell you?

How much / How many

_________________________________________

Countable Uncountable / Many/Much (6)

How much time do you spend on the computer?

¿Cuanto tiempo pasas en la computadora?

How much - How many (Contables e incontables)

En ingles cuando queremos preguntar acerca de la cantidad de un sustantivo incontable, usamos la estructura:
“How much + sustantivo + is there?

How much milk is there ?

¿ cuanta leche hay ?

En las respuestas se puede usar un partitivo no especifico como;
a lot ( un montón ), a little ( un poco ), none ( nada ), some ( algo ).

Ejemplo: How much milk is there ? = There is a little.
¿ Cuanta leche hay ? hay un poco

Podemos usar partitivos especificos de unidad o medida o peso para especificar las cantidades;

Ejemplo: How much milk is there? = There is a litre, there is a bottle, etc..
¿Cuanta leche hay? Hay un litro, una botella, etc..

Si queremos preguntar acerca de la cantidad de un sustantivo contable, usamos la estructura:

“ How many + sustantivo + are there ?

Ejemplo: How many oranges are there ?
¿ Cuantas naranjas hay ? En las respuestas se usa:
a lot (un monton), a few (unas pocas), too many, (demasiadas), o none ( ninguna), some ( algunas),

Si queremos especificar cantidades entonces usamos partitivos contables del tipo; un kilo, un litro, un paquete, una bolsa, one, two, etc.

How much y how many se usan para preguntas en general acerca de cosas, cuando queremos que se nos indique las cantidades que hay, entonces how much y how many van acompañados de is there (hay un / una) o are there.(hay unos / unas)

Ejemplos: How much water is there? = There is 1 litre.
How many students are there? = There are eleven students in class.

Tambien existe otra forma de preguntar cuando no estamos seguros de si hay algo o no, y es usando, Is there + any + sustantivo (para incontables) o Are there + any + sustantivos (para contables)

Ejemplo: Is there any bread ? - ¿Hay algo de pan?
Yes, there is - Si hay

Are there any apples? - ¿Hay alguna manzana?
Yes there are - Si hay

Si quieres especificar la cantidad o cantidades, pues usas there is o there are + partitivo(s)

Ejemplo: There is a loaf of bread. Hay una barra de pan.

There are two loaves of bread. Hay dos barras de pan.

There is an apple. Hay una manzana.

There are three apples. Hay tres manzanas.

Apuntes especiales: En ingles los líquidos, materias y substancias son incontables, en este apartado debemos de incluir a los siguientes sustantivos que son incontables en ingles:

Money = dinero - Fruit = fruta - Bread = pan - Time = tiempo - Chocolate = chocolate Meat = carne.

Countable Uncountable Nouns (5)

Underline the correct answers in the following dialogue.

CHRIS: Hi! What are you up to?

PETE: Oh I'm just looking for (a)many (b)some (c)any antiques at this sale.

CHRIS: Have you found (a) something (b) anything (c) nothing yet?

PETE: Well there seems to be (a) a few (b) few (c) little things of interest. It really is a shame.

CHRIS: I can't believe that. I'm sure you can find (a) a thing

(b) something (c) anything interesting if you look in

(a) all (b) each (c) some stall.

PETE: You're probably right. It's just that there are (a) a few

b) a lot (c) a lot of collectors and they (a) every (b) each (c) all

seem to be set on finding (a) a thing (b) anything (c) much

of value. It's so stressful competing with them!

CHRIS: How (a) many (b) much (c) few antique furniture do you think there is?

PETE: Oh I'd say there must be (a) many (b) several (c) much pieces.

However only (a) a few (b) few (c) little

are really worth (a) the high (b) a high (c) high prices they are asking.

CHRIS: Why don't you take a break? Would you like to have (a) any (b) some (c) little coffee?

PETE: Sure I'd love to have (a) any (b) little (c) one.

I could use (a) some (b) a few (c) a little minutes of downtime.

CHRIS: Great, let's go over there. There're (a) a few (b) some (c) little seats left.

Countable Uncountable Nouns (4)

In each gap, type either "some" (for non-count nouns) or "a" (for count nouns).

Yesterday, I went with my family for a picnic at the beach.

We took lots of food, because we're all hungry!

First of all, we packed ____________chocolate to eat

in the car on the way to the beach.

For the first course, we took __________ soup and _____loaf of bread.

For the main course, we decided on ___________

chicken and salad sandwich for each person,

along with ____________ rice.

Finally, we packed a melon big enough for everyone to get __________ slice. Of course, we also

took ___________ tea and __________ coffee, and _______ litre of ice-cream. It seemed

like a huge quantity of food, but unfortunately we ate it all in the car!

By the time we got to the beach, there was nothing left.

Countable Uncountable Nouns (3)

Underline the correct word, and Translate.

1. telephone (Telefono)
count
non-count

2. vocabulary ____________
count
non-count

3. honesty ____________
count
non-count

4. forest ____________
count
non-count

5. hydrogen ____________
count
non-count

6. letter ____________
count
non-count

7. mail ____________
count
non-count

8. baggage ____________
count
non-count

9. ink ____________
count
non-count

10. ice ____________
count
non-count

11. toothbrush ____________
count
non-count

12. coffee ____________
count
non-count

13. furniture ___________
count
non-count

14. orange ____________
count
non-count

15. money ____________
count
non-count

16. dictionary ____________
count
non-count

17. English _____________
count
non-count

18. electricity ____________
count
non-count

19. cows ___________
count
non-count

20. information ___________
count

non-count

Countable Uncountable Nouns (2)

Identify the following objects as countable or uncountable.
Underline the correct word.

1. Q: Information = Countable / Uncountable

2. Q: Rules = Countable / Uncountable

3. Q: Sheep = Countable / Uncountable

4. Q: Fire = Countable / Uncountable

5. Q: Money = Countable / Uncountable

6. Q: Learning = Countable / Uncountable

7. Q: Rice = Countable / Uncountable

8. Q: Bottles Of Wine = Countable / Uncountable

9. Q: Equipment = Countable / Uncountable

10. Q: Traffic = Countable / Uncountable

11. Q: Stone (the material) = Countable / Uncountable

12. Q: Stones = Countable / Uncountable

13. Q: Talent = Countable / Uncountable

14. Q: Web Sites = Countable / Uncountable

15. Q: Clothes = Countable / Uncountable

16. Q: Music = Uncountable / Countable

17. Q: Deserts = Countable / Uncountable

18. Q: Land = Countable / Uncountable

19. Q: Nations = Countable / Uncountable

20. Q: Fish = Countable / Uncountable

Countable Uncountable Nouns (1)

Countable nouns are easy to recognize. They are things that we can count.
For example: "pen". We can count pens.
We can have one, two, three or more pens.
Here are some more countable nouns:

dog, cat, animal, man, person
bottle, box, litre
coin, note, dollar
cup, plate, fork
table, chair, suitcase, bag

Countable nouns can be singular or plural:

My dog is playing.
My dogs are hungry.

We can use the indefinite article a/an with countable nouns:

A dog is an animal.

When a countable noun is singular, we must use a word like a/the/my/this with it:
I want an orange. (not I want orange.)
Where is my bottle? (not Where is bottle?)

When a countable noun is plural, we can use it alone:

I like oranges.
Bottles can break.

We can use some and any with countable nouns:

I've got some dollars.
Have you got any pens?

We can use a few and many with countable nouns:

I've got a few dollars.
I haven't got many pens.

"People" is countable. "People" is the plural of "person".

We can count people:

There is one person here.
There are three people here.

Uncountable nouns are substances, concepts etc that we cannot divide into separate elements. We cannot "count" them. For example, we cannot count "milk". We can count "bottles of milk" or "litres of milk", but we cannot count "milk" itself.

Here are some more uncountable nouns:
music, art, love, happiness
advice, information, news
furniture, luggage
rice, sugar, butter, water
electricity, gas, power
money, currency

We usually treat uncountable nouns as singular. We use a singular verb. For example:
This news is very important.
Your luggage looks heavy.

We do not usually use the indefinite article a/an with uncountable nouns. We cannot say "an information" or "a music". But we can say a something of:
a piece of news
a bottle of water
a grain of rice

We can use some and any with uncountable nouns:

I've got some money.
Have you got any rice?

We can use a little and much with uncountable nouns:
I've got a little money.
I haven't got much rice.

Uncountable nouns are also called "mass nouns".

Object Pronouns (8) Dialogue.

Example: My name is Jeremy.

1. Do you know Andy?


Sure, he's in my class, I study with ________ . Why?


Oh, nothing. I want him to help ________, that's all.


I have his 'phone number. Call _________!


Ok, thanks!

*************************************************

2. Hey Tyler, do you like lemons?

Yea, I really like __________.


And do you like rice?


Sure, I like _________.


And how about chicken?


Yep, I like that too. Why do you ask ________?


I want to make lemon chicken for dinner.
Sounds great!

*************************************************
3. What's that?

Oh, it's a photo of my ___________. Look, she's my Mum.

Oh yea, I know __________. Who's he?

He's my brother, everybody likes _________.

Look, that's my father.

Wow, he looks like you. And look at the big dog!

Yea, he's really big. He looks like ___________!